The Principal Psychological Perspectives Children And Young People Essay

The Principal Psychological Perspectives Children And Young People Essay Humanistic approach focuses on each individuals needs, potential, growth and self-actualization, as they believe that people are all different because everyone is seen as an individual. Humanistic starts from the assumption that every individual has their own unique way of understanding the world and that the things they do only make sense in this path. Furthermore humanistic also openly supports the idea that people have a free will and are capable of choosing their own actions towards growth and fulfilment of their own potentials as their roles are focused on how people can be helped to fulfil their potentials and lead more satisfied lives as the main strength of the humanistic approach is to emphasize the role of the individuals and the subjective meanings to them. Carl Rogers idea of behaviour was focused on the self, which is the persons consciousness of their own identity. Rogers believed that people could only fulfil their potentials for growth if they had a basic positive view of themselves such as having a positive self regard, self concept, self esteem and self confidence. These are important as it is made up of how we assess ourselves and how we see our personality and how we rate our skills and abilities as when we have self esteem our assessment is more positive. This also would occur if individuals have the absolute positive concept off of other people, for example if individuals are being valued and respected without hesitation by those around, people would then gain positive concepts towards themselves and if these needs are not met or fulfilled people would see themselves as worthless, useless, unloved or hopeless. From a young age people start to form a self concept as people around them such as parents or siblings, for example y oung children may want to dress up as their parents or try on their siblings clothings as they seek to gain acceptance and positive feedbacks. Mostly many childrens form self concept from the media as it is worldwide and the fashionable clothings they see on TV they may feel to copy off it to keep up with the fashion that out or to feel good about themselves and for others to compliment them as the media could put many ideas in childrens head. Carl Rogers also believed that if at a young age, childrens are bad, ugly, dumb or silly they will grow in to always thinking these negative self concepts about themselves as when young children gain a negative comment it would stick to them till their older and may also start to have doubt or limit their abilities or skills due to containing the negative aspects upon themselves. Carl Rogers noticed and acknowledged there is a barrier as most people do not gain positive concepts off of others as it is being unreserved. Rather, people think they will only be loved and valued if they meet certain conditions of worth, for example being well behaved and passing exams etc. these conditions of worth creates strength within the self between the real self such as how the person really is and the ideal self such as how others think they should be. Carl Rogers saw that people try to close the gaps between the real and the ideal self but most people do this in unhelpful ways such as chasing ach ievements that would not make themselves satisfied or to change their view of themselves of the world. Abraham Maslows view of human needs was more complex than Carl Rogers. As Carl Rogers believed that people needed unconditional positive regard, Abraham Maslow acknowledged that people have a variety of different needs that change and needs to be satisfied at different times. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) was a psychologist who described a hierarchy of human needs as he believed that everyone should seek to be the best that they can be holistically. Unless our physical needs are met, people will not be able to survive as the most basic needs are towards the bottom and work its way up but before they move up their basic needs should be met before they approach the next level. Abraham Maslow believed that those who are fully satisfied all their needs might become self-actualisers which means those people who have fulfilled their potentials completely. File:Maslows Hierarchy of Needs.svg Basic Physical needs food and water, which is appropriate meets dietary and religious requirements and reflect individual likes; accommodation with heating which would allow people to move around and feel safe, clothing which is clean, comfortable and appropriate to the temperature of the weather and activities Safety and security needs living in accommodation which feels safe and secure, with chosen belongings around with sufficient money and privacy Social needs being able to maintain relationship which would make people feels cared for and loved as well as opportunities to make new friends and having interests and keeping in contact with family and friends though visits, telephone calls and email. This will allow the opportunity to join a group try different activities and spend time with family and friends. Self esteem feeling good about yourself and being treated with respect and dignity by other people, as being treated as a person with rights to make choices and express thoughts and feelings Self actualization opportunities to express yourself through words, music or art, the chance to learn and develop new skills and be mentally stimulated, perhaps through hobbies, interests and contact with other people. P2: Explain different psychological approaches to health practice P3: Explain different psychological approaches to social practise Applying the Humanistic Approach to Health and Social Care Person Centred Approach This approach is based on the theory and philosophy of Carl Rogers as he became famous and well known after he had implemented and developed a particular type of approach based on people working in a way that meet the needs of the individuals, and responds to a verity of different contexts. Person centred planning discovers and acts on what is important to a person as this would be done in a non-directive way by either councillors or therapists. They strongly believe in other peoples potential, ability and skill to make the right choices, regardless of other peoples own values, beliefs and ideas. They would have to give unconditional positive regards such as loving them regardless what and how the clients are. This counselling or therapy should make clients feel the idea that the therapists or councillors are supporting them within their experiences, feelings, beliefs and emotions. By having these needs met Carl Rogers believes that this would help the clients finally accept themselv es of who they really are or how they may look. This would also help them by how they view themselves and would start to think positively about themselves such as worthy, valuable, precious etc. This approach will also empower people in being control of their lives and be the best they can be, as the person centre approach ensures people are safeguarded and have a voice to be heard and have a better future. A person centred approach is not the same way in people normally work as they would be additional such as a way of doing things differently, to achieve better outcomes for children, young people, their families and carers. The role of the person centre approach is to set up activities which are based upon what is important to a person from their own perspectives and which contribute to their addition in society and then start to make progress. This approach is also vital for therapist or councillors to have empathy for example picturing them in the clients position such as what they may have been through or what they are feeling. For some that are dealing with difficulties in their actual self and their ideal self due to not matching, would need someone who could really listen to them and advice them in the best way possible.